3D printing in racing with SSAB AM

Additive manufacturing (AM) is something that is starting to be implemented more and more within the engineering industry, where you see that traditional manufacturing is being replaced by just this type. This is often governed by where you meet the economic break-even, where it is decided whether it will be more beneficial to have a traditional production line or to manufacture parts through AM. But not only that, many other aspects such as the freedom of design and the possibility of building lighter and stronger components does also play a role.

When it comes to racing of all kinds, the volume is rarely high enough for a production line and you need to find high-tech solutions for your components, to make them lighter and stronger within the set budget. This is precisely what the students at Chalmers Formula Student have realized and they are building more and more details for their racing car with AM. 

Shock absorber bracket 3D printed from SSAB AM TS2

Shock absorber bracket 3D printed from SSAB AM TS2

All 3D printed components with SSAB AM TS2

All 3D printed components with SSAB AM TS2

SSAB has for a long-time supported Chalmers Formula Student with materials to manufacture their car with high-strength components. It has then been material for a tube frame behind the driver which, in the event of a rollover of the car, would protect the driver from being pinched under the car and break discs manufactured in SSAB Hardox. When the students within the team learned that SSAB had also started producing steel powder for 3D-printing high-strength components, SSAB's powder technology group received a request if we could help the students with manufacturing structural parts for the car. The answer was of course, yes!

The details that the students presented were difficult to manufacture or did not really meet the strength requirements they had for the components. This involved shock absorber mounts that were previously made in aluminum and anti-roll bars that were milled and turned out of steel. The students at Chalmers used a topology optimization program to optimize the AM manufacturing of the shock absorbers as far as possible. However, the anti-roll bars could not be optimized due to physical limitations. These components were then 3D-printed at SSAB's Additive Manufacturing Center (AMC) in Oxelösund using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) manufacturing method. The students had chosen to print with the material SSAB AM TS2 because of its good strength properties.

SSAB AM TS2 mechanical data in “as-printed condition”:

Hardness 
450 HV
Yield strength 1210 MPa
Tensile strength   1370 MPa
Elongation A5  13% 
Toughness  70 J
Chalmers Race Bay: Delivery of printed components

Chalmers Race Bay: Delivery of printed components

Topology optimized shock absorber mount with SSAB AM TS2

Topology optimized shock absorber mount with SSAB AM TS2

The result from the printed components was very impressive. The students reported that even though the shock mounts had a 2.5x safety margin, they were able to reduce the weight from the previous aluminum milled part by 32% per part. Having this said, with the right material and with this manufacturing method, you can compete with aluminum in both strength and weight. The anti-roll bar, as we mentioned earlier, could not be topology optimized due to physical limitations. However, due to the detail being so difficult to manufacture, we were able to unlock several days of difficult machining for the budding engineers. And with SSAB AM TS2's mechanical properties, the students were able to increase the stiffness of the wheel suspension.

Before next racing season, we will support the team with even more 3D printed components of high-strength steel powder from SSAB Oxelösund. This is to be involved and contribute to increase the development for the team but also to prove that AM is a reliable and high-performance manufacturing method!

SSAB AM steel powder is outperforming aluminum in weight

SSAB have gone racing together with Chalmers Formula Student! The racing car that has been developed and taken to the racetracks in central Europe has been built with SSAB AM steel powder. Racing is a tough balance between lightweight and strong components, and this is the exact scope for Additive Manufacturing (AM).

When aluminum is too heavy, what do you do? You go with TS2 (under development). The 3D-printed suspension mounts made at SSAB AMC in Oxelösund turned out to be 32% lighter and much stronger than the original part, manufactured from aluminum. 

Before next racing season, we will support the team with even more 3D printed components of high-strength steel powder from SSAB AMC in Oxelösund. We want to be involved and contribute to increase the development for the team but also to prove that AM is a reliable and high-performance manufacturing method!

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